نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری علوم و مهندسی مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 استادیار پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

چکیده

برف از عوامل موثر بر میزان و عملکرد پوشش گیاهی در ارتفاعات می باشد. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی اثر شاخص های سطح پوشش برف و ماندگاری پوشش برف بر دو گونه غالب و دارای زوال شامل گون گزی (Astragalus adscendens) و بلوط ایرانی (Quercus brantii) در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری از سال 1382 تا 1395 (2016-2003) می‌باشد. بدین منظور مقادیر شاخص نرمال شده تفاضل برف (Normalized Difference Snow Index ,NDSI) و شاخص نرمال شده تفاضل پوشش گیاهی (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) از تصاویر ماهواره ای MODIS استخراج و در محدوده های دارای زوال پوشش گیاهی جنگلی (مناطق بارز، سوه، هلن و منطقه شاهد جنگی) و پوشش مرتعی (منطقه زوال گون گزی و منطقه شاهد گون گزی) با استفاده از آنالیز پیرسون مقایسه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که متوسط کاهش سطح پوشش برف در استان طی دوره مورد بررسی تا حدود 32 درصد قابل مشاهده است، اگرچه روند ثابتی ملاحظه نگردید. شاخص های برف مطالعاتی حداکثر همبستگی را با پوشش های مرتعی و جنگلی در ماه مارس نشان دادند. مناطق دارای زوال گون گزی بیشترین همبستگی را با شاخص سطح برف (R>0.70) و شاخص ماندگاری پوشش برف (R>0.71) در ماه مذکور نشان داد. لذا، نتایج بیانگر آن است که تاثیر ماندگاری برف بر پوشش گیاهی بیشتر از سطح برف می باشد. مطابق یافته های تحقیق، بارش های برف انتهای فصل زمستان و ماندگاری آن بر میزان پوشش گون گزی در مقایسه با پوشش گیاهی جنگلی موثرتر و در صورت کاهش برف این گونه به زوال حساس تر می گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of snow cover area and duration changes on vegetation cover in Chaharmal and Bakhtiari Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Yaghamei 1
  • Reza Jafari 2
  • Saeed Soltani 3
  • Hasan Jahanbazi 4

1 Dep. of Natural Resources Isfahan University of Technology

2 Associate professor, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology

3 Dep. of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology

4 Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran

چکیده [English]

Snow is one of the effective fators on vegetation rate and function in mountainous areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of snow cover area index and snow cover duration index on two declining and dominant plant species including Astragalus adscendens and Quercus brantii in Chaharmal and Bakhtiari Province from 2003 to 2016. For this purpose, Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were extracted from MODIS satellite images and compared using Pearson analysis in forest decline regions (Barz, Seveh, Helen and control area) and in rangeland decline regions including Astragalus adscendens decline and control areas. Results showed that about 32% of the snow cover in the study area has been reduced, although a constant trend was not observed. The studied snow indices showed the highest relationships with rangeland and forest vegetation cover in March. The decline region of Astragalus adscendens had the maximum relationship with the snow cover area (R>0.70) and snow cover duration (R>0.71) in March. According to the findings, snow precipitation in late winter season and its duration is more effective on the rangeland Astragalus adscendens species than forest vegetation cover and this pecies can be more sensitive to decline in case of snow reduction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Snow cover area
  • snow cover duration
  • NDSI
  • NDVI
  • MODIS
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