نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مرتع داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

آنغوزه از گیاهان دارویی مهم در مراتع استپی ایران است. به کارگیری راهکارهای موثر در استقرار آن می‌تواند برای احیای مراتع و اقتصاد مردم بومی آن مفید باشد. با توجه به اینکه تنش خشکی یکی از محدودیت های اساسی در استقرار گیاهان مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک است، در این پژوهش تاثیر انواع تیمارهای حفظ رطوبت خاک و جوانه زنی بذر برای کمک به سبز شدن بذر و استقرار نهال آنغوزه در حوزه آبخیز زوجی کاخک واقع در جنوب استان خراسان رضوی، شهرستان گناباد، بررسی شد. آزمایش شامل تیمارهای حفظ رطوبت (حفاظ سنگ، سوپر جاذب، سنگ و سوپر جاذب) و شاهد، و کرت‌های فرعی شامل نوع تیمار بذر (سرمادهی شده یا شاهد) بود که در 30 تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای سوپرجاذب + سنگ چین و سنگ چین موجب کاهش دما و افزایش رطوبت خاک شدند. تیمارهای حفظ رطوبت دارای تعداد نهال سبز شده و استقرار یافته و همچنین ارتفاع نهال بیشتری نسبت به شاهد بودند. از بین تیمارهای حفظ رطوبت نیز تیمارهای سوپرجاذب + سنگ چین و سنگ چین به ویژه در تیمار سرمادهی شده عملکرد بهتری داشتند. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش، توصیه می‌شود برای بهبود تولید و بهره‌وری آنغوزه به ویژه در مواقع خشکسالی از راهکارهای حفظ رطوبت مانند سوپرجاذب‌ها و یا مالچ سنگ بهره لازم برده شود و همچنین برای غلبه بر خواب بذر آنغوزه و افزایش میزان جوانه‌زنی آن تیمار سرمادهی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of soil moisture conservation treatments on the early establishment of Ferula foetida seedlings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zakiye Dastoori 1
  • Mohammad Farzam 2

1 MSc Graduated on Rangeland Management, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Ferula foetida is one of the important medicinal plants in the steppe rangelands of Iran. Applying effective methods for its establishment can be useful for reviving the ecosystems of arid areas and the economy of its indigenous people. Due to the fact that drought stress is one of the main limitations in the establishment of plants in arid and semi-arid regions, in this study the effects of various treatments were studied on seed germination and establishment of Ferula foetida seedlings, in the Kakhk Twin Watersheds, located in the south of Khorasan Razavi province, Gonabad city. Experiment included some soil moisture conservation treatments (stone shelter, superabsorbent, superabsorbent + stone shelter or control) and seed treatments (prechilling or control), with 30 replicates for each treatment. Superabsorbent + sand shelters and sand shelters alone, reduced temperature and increased soil moisture. Moisture conservation treatments led to higher number of seedling emergence and survival and higher seedling height than those of control. Among the moisture conservation treatments, superabsorbent + stone shelter performed better, especially for the prechilled seedlings. According to the our results, superabsorbents and stone shelters can improve the production and productivity of Ferula foetida, especially during the drought times. We also suggest prechilling treatments to overcome the dormancy of Ferula foetida seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Medicinal plants
  • Stratification
  • Rangeland restoration
  • Stone shelter Superabsorbent
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