تحلیل پویایی سرمایۀ اجتماعی در توسعه و توانمندسازی جوامع محلی در مناطق خشک؛ کاربرد تحلیل شبکۀ اجتماعی

اکبری, الهام; عوض پور, لیلا

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2022.351397.1685

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار دانشکده علوم انسانی- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ، ایران

² پژوهشگر پسادکتری، موسسۀ کسب و کار اجتماعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2022.351397.1685

چکیده

در دو دهۀ اخیر مفهوم سرمایۀ اجتماعی به واسطۀ ارتباطش با مؤلفه‌های بنیادین اجتماعی شامل آگاهی، مشارکت، اعتماد، انسجام و شبکۀ اجتماعی در راستای توسعۀ پایدار جوامع به‌ویژه جوامع محلی مورد تأکید قرار گرفته است؛ لذا برای رسیدن به توسعۀ پایدار محلی، برخورداری از سرمایۀ اجتماعی از ضروریات می‌باشد. با توجه به اهمیت این موضوع و با تکیه بر مشکلات و کمبودهای متعدد در روستاهای مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، این مقاله به تحلیل پویایی سرمایه اجتماعی در راستای تحقق توسعۀ پایدار محلی در سه روستای گاوبنان، چاهان و چاه نصیر در شهرستان قلعه گنج در جنوب کرمان بر اساس روش تحلیل شبکه‌ اجتماعی در دو بازۀ زمانی قبل و بعد از اجرای طرح توان افزایی جوامع محلی پرداخته است. ابتدا با تکمیل پرسشنامه و مصاحبۀ مستقیم با ذی‌نفعان محلی (136 نفر از سرگروه‌های صندوق‌های اعتباری خرد روستایی)، داده‌های مورد نیاز با استفاده از روش سرشماری جمع‌آوری گردید. سپس سرمایۀ اجتماعی برون گروهی بر اساس پیوند‌های اعتماد و مشارکت با استفاده از شاخص‌های کمی سطح کلان شبکه (شاخص تراکم و E-I) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیانگر افزایش شاخص‌ تراکم و تقویت روابط برون‌گروهی و پویایی مثبت سرمایۀ اجتماعی برون‌گروهی در مرحلۀ بعد از اجرای پروژه می‌باشد؛ اما مقدار این مؤلفۀ مهم و تأثیرگذار همچنان ضعیف ارزیابی می‌شود. بنابراین ضرورت دارد با فراهم نمودن بستر اعتمادسازی و تقویت روحیۀ مشارکت و همکاری جمعی در بین سرگروه‌های صندوق‌های اعتبارت خرد و افزایش روابط برون‌گروهی، سرمایۀ اجتماعی برون‌گروهی غنی در این جامعه محقق گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.50442008.1401.75.3.1.9

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Dynamics of Social Capital in Development and Empowerment of Local Communities in Arid Areas; Application of Social Network Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

Elham Akbari ¹
Leila Avazpour ²

¹ Faculty of Humanities , Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

² Postdoc Researcher, Social Business Institute, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

In the last two decades, the concept of social capital has been emphasized through its connection with the basic social components, including awareness, participation, trust, cohesion and social network, in the direction of the sustainable development of societies, especially local societies; Therefore, to achieve sustainable local development, having social capital is essential. Considering the importance of this issue and relying on numerous problems and deficiencies at the level of villages in dry areas, this article analyzes the dynamics of social capital in the establishment of local sustainable development in the dry area of southern Kerman based on the method of social network analysis in two periods before and after. It has implemented the community-oriented project of empowering local communities in three villages of Gaubnan, Chahan and Chah Nasir of Qalaganj city. First, by completing the questionnaire and direct interview with the local stakeholders (the heads of the rural microcredit fund), the required data was collected. Then, outgroup social capital was investigated based on trust and participation links using quantitative and mathematical indicators of the macro level of the network (density index and E-I). The results show the increase of density index and improvement of out-group relations in the stage after the implementation of the project and strengthening the amount of out-gro, to realize rich outgroup social capital in this society, because the social dimension of development It is not possible to be sustainable without taking into account the social capital and the participation of that area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Social capital
sustainable development
social network analysis
micro credit fund
Qale Ganj City

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

تحلیل پویایی سرمایۀ اجتماعی در توسعه و توانمندسازی جوامع محلی در مناطق خشک؛ کاربرد تحلیل شبکۀ اجتماعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 75، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 333-345

تحلیل پویایی سرمایۀ اجتماعی در توسعه و توانمندسازی جوامع محلی در مناطق خشک؛ کاربرد تحلیل شبکۀ اجتماعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 75، شماره 3آذر 1401صفحه 333-345

دوره 75، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 333-345