نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2022.341008.1653

چکیده

دستیابی به اطلاعات پایه‏‎ و بهنگام از اکوسیستم‌‌های مرتعی؛ نیازمند اندازه‏گیری مستمر و بلند مدت پوشش گیاهی است. با این هدف، طی سال‌‌های 1400-1397 در زمان مشخص، از پوشش گیاهی تیپ‌‌های گیاهی معرف رویشگاه‌‌های شور دریاچه ارومیه، شامل؛ Salicornia europaea، Halocnemum strobilaceum، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides و Atriplex verrucifera ، در سامان عرفی اوصالو، آماربرداری شد. در هر یک از تیپ‌‌های گیاهی، با در نظر گرفتن ابعاد و فضای بین لکه‌‌های ‌‌گیاهی، چهار ترانسکت 300 متری با آزیموت ‌‌یکسان، در امتداد گرادیان‌‌ شوری، با فاصله 50-25 متر از همدیگر، بکار برده شد. در روی هر ترانسکت، تعداد 10 پلات با فاصله 30 متر از همدیگر، مستقر شد. پلات‌‌گذاری، به‌‌نحوی انجام گردید که در عین یکسان بودن فواصل پلات‌ها، اصل تصادفی بودن نیز رعایت گردد. لذا نقطه شروع ترانسکت‌های مختلف، یکسان نبود. اندازه واحدهای نمونه‌‌برداری و ابعاد آنها؛ به‌‌لحاظ نحوه متفاوت پراکنش پوشش گیاهی تیپ‌‌های گیاهی، یکسان در نظر گرفته نشد. اندازه پلات برای تیپ‌‌‌های‌‌ گیاهی Salicornia europaea، Halocnemum strobilaceum، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides و Atriplex verrucifera ، به‌‌ترتیب؛ 5/0، 2، 5/0، 25/0 و 2 متر مربع در نظر گرفته شد. میانگین تولید علوفه رویشگاه مورد پژوهش، طی سال‌‌های 1397، 1398، 1399 و 1400به‌‌ترتیب؛ 6/404، 6/456، 6/478 و 2/338 کیلوگرم در هکتار و میانگین درصد پوشش تاجی، 4/48، 6/54، 8/58 و 0/41 درصد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Measurement and monitoring of vegetation of saline habitats on the western shore of Lake Urmia

نویسنده [English]

  • Javad Motamedi

Associate Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran

چکیده [English]

Access to basic and up-to-date information on rangeland ecosystems; needs continuous and long-term vegetation measurement. For this purpose, during the years 2018-2021 at a specific time, from the vegetation of plant types representing the saline habitats of Lake Urmia, including; Salicornia europaea, Halocnemum strobilaceum, Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea, Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides and Atriplex verrucifera were recorded in the customary system of Osalo. In each of the plant types, considering the dimensions and space between the plant spots, four 300-meter transects with the same azimuth were used, along the salinity gradient, at a distance of 25-50 meters from each other. On each transect, 10 plots were placed at a distance of 30 meters from each other. The plotting was done in such a way that while the distances of the plots were the same, the principle of randomness was observed. Therefore, the starting points of different transects were not the same. Size of sampling units and their dimensions; due to the different distribution of vegetation, the plant types were not considered the same. Plot size for plant types Salicornia europaea, Halocnemum strobilaceum, Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea, Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides and Atriplex verrucifera, respectively; 0.5, 2, 0.5, 0.25 and 2 square meters were considered. Average forage production of the study site during 1397, 1398, 1399 and 1400, respectively; 404.6, 456.6, 478.6 and 338.2 kg/ha and the average percentage of canopy cover were 48.4, 54.6, 58.8 and 41.1%. During this period,

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Continuous assessment
  • Rangeland measurement
  • Rangeland monitoring
  • Rangeland ecosystems
  • Vegetation changes
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