نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2023.346226.1675

چکیده

درختان موجود در فضاهای سبز شهری از یک سو به‌وسیله باران‌ربایی، باعث کاهش بارش رسیده به زیر درخت شده و از سوی دیگر سیستم‌های ریشه‌ای گسترده آن‌ها موجب ذخیره و هدایت مقادیر قابل‌توجهی آب در داخل خاک می‌شوند. مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تاثیر میزان بارندگی و گونه درختی (زردآلو، زبان‌گنجشک، بید، انجیر، گردو و بلوط) بر باران‎ربایی در شهر هشتگرد استان البرز طی دو فصل زمستان 1397 و بهار 1398 می‌پردازد. بدین منظور طی هفت رخداد بارش، میزان تاج‌بارش توسط پنج باران‌سنج دستی نصب شده در زیر هر درخت، اندازه‌گیری شد. به‎منظور ثبت وقایع بارندگی در محلی که از عوارض ساختمانی و درختان فاصله کافی داشته یک ظرف به عنوان باران‎سنج نصب گردیده و رخدادهای بارندگی از 1/2 تا 8/6 میلی‌متر ثبت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیر درصد باران‌ربایی گونه‌های زبان‌گنجشک، زردآلو، انجیر، بید، گردو و بلوط به‌ترتیب 6/44، 6/42، 4/36، 1/35، 6/33 و 4/30 درصد بود. . تجزیه و تحلیل آماری نشان داد، بین مقادیر باران‌ربایی گونه‌های درختی اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد وجود دارد (01/0P < ). همچنین بین میزان باران‌ربایی کل گونه‌ها در طبقات مقدار بارندگی (بارندگی کم (4 میلی‌متر > )، بارندگی متوسط (6-4 میلی‌متر)، بارندگی ‌زیاد (> 6 میلی‌متر) نیز اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد وجود داشت (01/0P < ). در بین گونه‌های مورد بررسی، زبان‌گنجشک و زردآلو بیش‌ترین درصد باران‌ربایی را به‌خود اختصاص داده‌اند که می‌توان با برنامه‌ریزی‌های شهری نقش از این دوگونه در کنترل رواناب‌ استفاده بیشتری نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of rainfall interception among tree species in urban green space of Hashtgerd watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mahdi Sadat Rasoul
  • Ebrahim Omidvar
  • Reza Ghazavi

Nature Engineering Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In the recent years, science and technology in urban green space have largely focused on technologies that facilitate infiltration and reduce runoff (such as rain gardens and permeable sidewalks). Trees in urban green space reduce the net rainfall by interception, and on the other hand, their extensive root systems allow them to store and direct significant amounts of water into the soil. The present study investigates the effect of rainfall amount and tree species on rainfall interception in Hashtgerd city of Alborz province during two seasons of winter 2017 and spring 2018. For this purpose, during seven rainfall events, the amount of throughfall was measured by the number of five rain gauges installed under each tree. In order to record rainfall events, a rain gage container was installed in a location that was sufficiently distant from buildings and trees, and rainfall events ranging from 2.1 to 6.8 mm were recorded. The results showed that the percentages of rainfall interception for spruce, apricot, fig, willow, walnut, and oak species were 44.6, 42.6, 36.4, 35.1, 33.6 and 30.4 percent, respectively. The results of statistical analysis showed that there is a significant difference among the values of rainfall interception in different tree species (P <0.01). Also, there is a significant difference among the rainfall interception in the rainfall classes (low (lower than 4 mm), medium (4-6 mm), and high (higher than 6 mm)) (P <0.01). Among the studied species, sparrow and apricot species have the highest rainfall interception, which it is possible to make more use of these two types in the control of runoff with urban planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban Runoff
  • Throughfall
  • Canopy Cover
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Alborz Province
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