تحلیل توان اکولوژیک مراتع در استان البرز با استفاده از داده‌های جی‌آی‌اس و ارزیابی تأثیر آن بر بهینه‌سازی مدیریت منابع طبیعی

بهرامی, منیره; سرمدیان, فریدون; پذیرا, ابراهیم

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2023.362035.1718

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

² گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2023.362035.1718

چکیده

مراتع یکی از اجزای اساسی اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی هستند و به‌عنوان یکی از منابع اصلی تأمین علوفه، حفظ تنوع زیستی، منابع خاک و آب در شناخته می‌شوند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی توان اکولوژیک مرتع در استان البرز براساس روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و مقایسات زوجی با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) است. نقشه رقومی توان اکولوژیک مرتع براساس وزن‌دهی و تلفیق نقشه‌های معیارهای شیب، واحد اراضی، پوشش گیاهی، کاربری و بارش انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که هر پنج معیار دارای ضریب اهمیت یکسان (2/0) برای تعیین توان اکولوژیک مرتع بودند. به طور کلی 77/21 درصد از مساحت استان به دلیل وجود بیرون‌زدگی‌‌های سنگی فاقد توان برای کاربری مرتع است. 41/15 درصد از مساحت استان دارای توان درجه 1 و 28/37 درصد از مساحت استان دارای توان درجه 2برای مرتع است. شهرستان طالقان با 09/56321 هکتار بیشترین توان برای مرتع درجه 1 و شهرستان کرج با 96/92507 هکتار بیش‌ترین توان را برای مرتع درجه 2 را دارست. شهرستان نظرآباد فاقد توان برای مرتع درجه 1 و شهرستان طالقان فاقد توان برای کاربری درجه 4 است. شهرستان نظرآباد با 15/48 درصد و شهرستان اشتهارد با 92/63 درصد نیز دارای توان برای مرتع درجه 3 و 4 می-باشند. براساس وزن‌‌عوامل مختلف شیب بیش‌از 50 درصد محدود‌کننده‌ترین عامل برای کاربری مرتع است. بطورکلی تعیین توان اکولوژیک مراتع، منجر به شناسایی مناطقی گردد که در استفاده بهینه از منابع طبیعی بسیار مناسب هستند و از نظر اقتصادیی و اجتماعی افزایش درآمد و اشتغال روستایی را در پی خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Ecological Potential of Rangelands in Alborz Province using GIS Data and Evaluating its Impact on Enhancing Natural Resource Management

نویسندگان [English]

Monireh Bahrami ¹
Fereydoon Sarmadian ²
Ebrahim Pazira ¹

¹ Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

² Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Rangelands are one of the essential components of natural ecosystems and are known as one of the main sources of forage supply, biodiversity conservation, soil and water resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological potential of rangelands in Alborz province based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and pairwise comparisons using Geographic Information System (GIS). The digital map of ecological potential (EP) was prepared by weighting and integrating maps of slope, land unit, vegetation cover, land use, and precipitation. The results showed that each of the five criteria had equal importance coefficients (0.2) for determining the EP of rangelands. Overall, 21.77% of the province's area was unsuitable for rangeland use due to rocky outcrops. 15.41% of the province's area had first-degree potential and 37.28% had second-degree potential for rangeland use. Taleqan County had the highest first-degree potential for rangeland use with 56,321 hectares, and Karaj County had the highest second-degree potential with 96,507 hectares. Nazarabad County had no first-degree potential for rangeland use, and Taleqan County had no fourth-degree potential. Nazarabad County and Eshtehard County also had 48.15% and 63.92% potential for third- and fourth-degree rangeland use, respectively. Based on the weighting of different factors, slope was the most limiting factor for rangeland use, accounting for more than 50% of the limitation. In general, determining the EP of rangelands leads to identifying areas that are very suitable for optimal use of natural resources, and can increase rural income and employment both economically and socially.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Ecological potential
rangelands
optimal use
natural resources
rural development

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

تحلیل توان اکولوژیک مراتع در استان البرز با استفاده از داده‌های جی‌آی‌اس و ارزیابی تأثیر آن بر بهینه‌سازی مدیریت منابع طبیعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 76، شماره 4
بهمن 1402
صفحه 405-426

تحلیل توان اکولوژیک مراتع در استان البرز با استفاده از داده‌های جی‌آی‌اس و ارزیابی تأثیر آن بر بهینه‌سازی مدیریت منابع طبیعی

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 76، شماره 4بهمن 1402صفحه 405-426

دوره 76، شماره 4
بهمن 1402
صفحه 405-426