نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2023.365519.1727

چکیده

اقلیم در کارهای کشاورزی از جایگاه مهمی برخوردار میباشد و از دو دیدگاه قابل بررسی است. 1-برای کشت یک گیاه خاص چه مکان‎هایی دارای اقلیم مناسب هستند و 2-یک اقلیم خاص برای کشت چه گیاهانی مناسب است. چون دیدگاه دوم کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته، در این پژوهش با معرفی روشی استاندارد (روش سایز)، این دیدگاه بررسی شده است. منطقه مطالعاتی در محدوده شهرستان ماکو قرار دارد. ارزیابی تناسب اقلیمی به روش عددی و با استفاده از داده‎های ایستگاه سینوپتیک ماکو برای پسته، بادام، گلابی، آلو، گیلاس و آلبالو انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان دادند بجز پسته که دارای کلاس تناسب اقلیمی کم (S3) می‌باشد، گیاهان دیگر در کلاس تناسب متوسط (S2) قرار می‌گیرند ولی مقدار عددی شاخص اقلیمی برای هر محصول متفاوت است. روش معرفی شده این امکان را فراهم آورد که افزون بر شناسایی مهم‌ترین عامل‌های موثر اقلیمی برای کشت هر گیاه، محدودکننده‌ترین عامل را در دوره فنولوژی تعیین نمود. چنین یافته‌هایی نشان دادند ارتباط تنگاتنگی بین نوع محصول، دوره فنولوژی، ویژگی‎های اقلیمی و موقعیت مکانی وجود دارد. بر این اساس می‌توان با در نظر گرفتن هم زمان دوره فنولوژی گیاه و ویژگی‌های اقلیمی، مناسب‎ترین گیاه یا گونه‌های گیاهی برای یک منطقه انتخاب شود؛ هرچند، در راستای توسعه پایدار باید سایر اجزاء سرزمین از جمله خاک و ناهمواری‌ها را هم مد نظر قرار داد. به طورکلی، رویکرد بکاررفته در این پژوهش می‌تواند به عنوان یک ابزار کارآمد، هم برای انتخاب مناسب‎ترین گیاهان در یک اقلیم و هم انتخاب مناسب‎ترین مکان (از نظر اقلیم) برای گیاهان مشخص، مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Climatic suitability evaluation for Some Horticultural crops, a Case Study: Makou-Shout County, West Azerbaijan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Seyedmohammadi
  • Bahareh Delsouz Khaki
  • Fatemeh Ebrahimi Meymand
  • Zahra Mohammad Esmail
  • Rasoul Kharazmi
  • Mohsen Bagheri Bodaghabadi

Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural research, Education and extension organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Climate has an important role in agricultural activities and can be examined from two perspectives. First, what locations are suitable for a specific plant, and second, what plants are suitable for a climate. The latter approach is less considered; thus in this study, it has been investigated by introducing a standard method (Sys method). The study area is located in Mako city. Climatic suitability evaluation was performed by numerical (parametric) method using the Maku Synoptic Station data for pistachio, almond, pears, plum, sour cherry and sweet cherry. The findings showed that except for pistachio, with marginally suitable class (S3), other plants were classified as moderately suitable class (S2) but the value of climatic index for each crop was different. The introduced method made it possible to identify the most important effective climatic factors for the cultivation of each plant and determine the most limiting factor in the phenological period. Such findings showed that there is a close relationship between crops, phenological period, climatic characteristic and location. Based on this, the most suitable plant or plant species can be selected for a region, using the phenological period of the plant and climatic characteristics. However, for sustainable development, other components of the land, such as soil and/or topography, should also be evaluated. In general, the introduced approach can be used as an efficient tool, both for choosing the most suitable plants in a climate and for choosing the most suitable place (in terms of climate) for specific plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological Capacity Assessment
  • Sustainable Development
  • Agrometeorology
  • Land Evaluation
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