نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشکده حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.368287.1734

چکیده

هدف تحقیق حاضر اولویت‌بندی طرح‌های کسب و کار پایدار در راستای توسعۀ کارآفرینی روستایی با تأکید بر خدمات اکوسیستم‌های مرتعی می‌باشد. بدین منظور در مطالعۀ حاضر، 393 نفر بهره‌بردار مرتع از چهار روستا (ذو علیا، کشانک، درکش، چخماقلو) در شهرستان مانه و سملقان انتخاب گردیدند.
ابتدا ارزش‌گذاری اقتصادی چهار کارکرد اصلی مرتع (تولید علوفه، تولید عسل، تولید گیاهان دارویی و گردشگری) انجام شد که از پرسشنامه و روش نمونه-گیریِ تصادفیِ در دسترس، بهره گرفته شد، سپس پتانسیل جذب درآمد در هر کدام از این کارکردها به دست آمد. در مرحلۀ بعد، هزینه‌های هر کدام از این کسب و کارها، به کمک اطلاعات پیمایشی گردآوری شد. در مرحلۀ بعد، ارزیابی مالی طرح های کسب و کار به کمک شاخص‌های مالی، شامل NPV، B/C، ROI، و IRR انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که سه کسب و کار دامداری، زنبورداری و تأسیس اقامتگاه بوم‌گردی، دارای توجیه اقتصادی و کسب و کارِ بسته‌بندی و فرآوری گیاهان دارویی، فاقد توجیه اقتصادی است. بازار محصولاتِ این کسب و کارها، از طریق بررسی شکاف عرضه و تقاضا، در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه، بررسی گردید و نتایج نشان داد که هر چهار کسب و کار پیشنهاد شده دارای شکاف عرضه و تقاضا بوده و بازار برای آنها وجود دارد. اولویت‌بندی این چهار کسب و کار، توسط شاخص‌های مراحل قبلی تحقیق (ارزش اقتصادی هر کارکرد مرتع، پتانسیل جذب درآمد، هزینه‌ها و درآمدها، شاخص‌های ارزیابی مالی و اقتصادی) با امتیازدهی به هر کدام از شاخص‌ها انجام شد. نتایج بیانگر آن بود که به ترتیب کسب و کارهای؛ 1-تاسیس اقامتگاه بوم‌گردی، 2-دامداری (پرورش بره‌پرواری)، 3-زنبورداری و 4-فرآوری گیاهان دارویی، دارای اولویت اول تا چهارم، جهت توانمندسازی بهره‌برداران، در روستاهای هدف می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritization of Sustainable Business Plans in Line with the Development of Rural Entrepreneurship with an Emphasis on Rangeland Ecosystem Services (Case study: Maneh and Samalqan Cities, North Khorasan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Ghorbani 1
  • Leila Avazpour 2
  • Hossein Azarnivand 1
  • Hamed Rafiee 3

1 Department of Rehabilitation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Agricultural Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

the purpose of this research is to prioritize business plans. It is sustainable in line with the development of rural entrepreneurship with an emphasis on pasture ecosystem services.
For this purpose, in the present study, 393 pasture users were selected from four villagesin Maneh and Samalghan cities.
First, the economic valuation of four main rangeland functions was carried out using the available questionnaire and random sampling method, then the potential of attracting income in each of these functions obtained. In the next step, the costs of each of these businesses were collected with the help of survey information. In the next step, the financial evaluation of business plans was done with the help of financial indicators, including NPV, B/C, ROI, and IRR. The results showed that the three businesses of animal husbandry, beekeeping and the establishment of eco-tourism accommodation have economic justification, and the business of packaging and processing medicinal plants has no economic justification.Prioritization of these four businesses by the indicators of the previous stages of the research by scoring each of the indicators Done. The results showed that in order of businesses; 1-Establishment of ecotourism residence, 2-animal husbandry (sheep breeding), 3-beekeeping and 4-medicinal plant processing have the first to fourth priority in order to empower the beneficiaries in the target villages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rangeland Ecosystems
  • Rural Entrepreneurship
  • Sustainable Business
  • Ecosystem Services
  • Mane and Samlaqan
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