نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران

3 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان شمالی، بجنورد، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.370658.1741

چکیده

سرزمین پهناور ایران بدلیل تنوع آب و هوائی و موقعیت خاص جغرافیایی آن، به عنوان رویشگاه مناسب برای گونه‌های مختلف آویشن (Thymus) شناخته می‌شود. آویشن گیاهی است که ارزش غذایی و دارویی فراوانی دارد و در میان گیاهان مرتعی جایگاه ویژه‌ای را به خود اختصاص داده است. لذا بررسی عوامل تهدید کننده حیات این گیاه از جایگاه مهمی برخوردار می‌باشد. دو گونه‌ آویشن شامل آویشن کوهی (T. kotschyanus; Boiss. & Hohen) و آویشن کرک‌آلود (T. pubescens; Boiss. & Kotschy ex Čelak) رویشگاه قابل توجهی در مراتع استان البرز دارند. در این پژوهش آفات و بیماری‌های این دو گونه‌ در 14 ایستگاه مختلف در استان البرز بررسی گردید. جمع‌آوری نمونه‌ها در سه مقطع زمانی (اردیبهشت، تیر و شهریور) صورت گرفت و حشرات جمع‌آوری شده جهت شناسایی به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند. نتایج بیانگر حضور شش نوع آفت روی گونه‌های آویشن بود. شته سبز آویشن (Aphis serpylli) و گونه تریپس ((Haplothrips reuteri از روی هر دو گونه‌ی آویشن جمع‌آوری شد. کنه تارعنکبوتی (Tetranychus urticae)، گونه تریپس (Aeolothrips mongolicus)، یک کنه از جنس Bryobia، و گیاه انگلی سِس (Cuscuta sp.) صرفا بر روی آویشن کوهی مشاهده شد. همچنین بیماری لکه‌برگی آلترناریای نیز روی برگ آویشن کوهی تشخیص و شناسایی گردید. کنه (Baryobia sp.) برای نخستین بار از روی گیاه آویشن گزارش می-شود. نتایج این تحقیق می‌تواند مورد استفاده مدیران منطقه‌ای و ذی‌نفعان قرار گرفته و در حفاظت از گونه‌های جنسThymus در مراتع استان البرز کمک شایانی بنماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of pests and diseases of Thymus kotschyanus and Thymus pubescens in rangelands of Alborz province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Norouzi 1
  • Hamidreza Keshtkar 1
  • Seyed Ebrahim Sadeghi 2
  • Mohammad Javan Nikkhah 3
  • Esmaeil Alizadeh 1
  • Jalil Alavi 4

1 Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of Iran, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Plant Protection Research Department, North Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources, Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bojnourd, Iran

چکیده [English]

The vast land of Iran, with its diverse climate and geographical location, is known as a suitable habitat for different types of thyme. Thyme (Thymus spp.), a plant of great nutritional and medicinal value, holds a special place among pasture plants. Consequently, investigating the factors that threaten the survival of this plant is important. Two species of thyme, T. kotschyanus (Boiss. & Hohen) and T. pubescens (Boiss. & Kotschy ex Čelak) have significant habitats in the pastures of Alborz province. In this research, pests and diseases of these two species were investigated in 14 different stations in Alborz province. The samples were collected at three time points (May, July and September) and the collected insects were taken to the laboratory for identification. The results indicated the presence of six types of pests on thyme species: Aphis serpylli, Haplothrips reuteri, Tetranychus urticae, Aeolothrips mongolicus, a mite of the genus Bryobia, and also Cuscuta spp. as a parasitic plant. Alternaria leaf spot was also detected on thyme leaves. The results of this research are reported for the first time It can be used by regional managers and stakeholders and help in the protection of Thymus species in the rangelands of Alborz province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological health
  • thrips
  • aphid
  • mite
  • black fungus
  • Thyme
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