نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرتع و آبخیز داری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

2 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.373203.1750

چکیده

بارندگی کم همراه با توزیع نامناسب زمانی و مکانی، از مشکلات مهم در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. کمبود منابع آبی همراه با رشد روزافزون تقاضا آب در این مناطق، دستیابی به منابع آبی جدید را اجتناب‌ناپذیر می‌سازد. جمع‌آوری آب باران یکی از شناخته‌ترین شیوه‌های مدیریت استحصال آب برای مقابله با کم‌آبی می‌باشد که در بسیاری از مناطق به سرعت درحال‌توسعه است. با توجه به تنوع و گستردگی روش‌های جمع‌آوری آب باران، باید در انتخاب عوامل تاثیرگذار و نوع روش ترکیب معیارها توجه جدی نمود. در این مقاله، جهت تعیین مکان‌های مستعد احداث سطوح آبگیر باران برای شرب دام، ابتدا عوامل مؤثر با مطالعات انجام‌شده و خصوصیات منطقه تعیین شدند. هفت عامل شیب، کاربری اراضی، عمق خاک، فاصله ‌از گسل، فاصله ‌از آبراهه، فاصله‌ از دامداری و جهت باد غالب در نظر گرفته شد. در ادامه با استفاده از تکنیک منطق فازی عوامل به نه قسمت مجزا برای رتبه‌بندی تقسیم گردید. سپس به کمک سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی همپوشانی لایه‌ها انجام شد، نتیجه همپوشانی لایه‌ها به پنج کلاس ضعیف، متوسط، نسبتاّ خوب، خوب و بسیار خوب طبقه‌بندی شد. مساحت هر کلاس به‌ترتیب 01/44، 94/53، 31/30، 48/30 و 51/12 کیلومترمربع برای جمع‌آوری آب باران به‌دست آمد. براساس نتایج منطق فازی، قسمت جنوب و جنوب شرقی منطقه اولویت اول را برای احداث سطوح آبگیر باران دارا بود. لذا می‌توان برای جمع‌آوری آب باران و ذخیره سازی آن برای مصارف آینده مورد استفاده قرارگیرد. یافته‌های این کار تحقیقاتی به سیاست‌گذاران و تصمیم‌ گیرندگان کمک می‌کند در منطقه مورد مطالعه برای غلبه بر مشکلات کمبود آب سازه‌های مختلف جمع‌آوری آب باران را اجراء کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Precipitation Management using rain harvesting surfaces in semi-arid areas (Case study of the Qoyijq catchment basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Heshmatpour 1
  • Seyed Javad Sajjadi 2
  • Yusuf Mohammadian 1

1 Department of Range and Watershed management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

2 Department Plant Production, Gonbad kavos college of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavos, Iran

چکیده [English]

Low rainfall with improper temporal and spatial distribution is a significant problem in arid and semi-arid areas. Due to the lack of water resources and the increasing water demand, access to new water resources is necessary. Rainwater collection is one of the most prominent methods of rainwater exploitation management to deal with water shortage which is developing rapidly in many areas. Considering the diversity and breadth of rainwater collection methods, serious attention should be paid in choosing the influencing factors and the type of criteria combination method. In this article, in order to determine the places prone to the construction of rain catchment surfaces for livestock drinking, first the effective factors were determined with the studies conducted and the characteristics of the area.Seven factors were considered, including slope, land use, soil depth, distance from fault and waterway, proximity to livestock farming, and prevailing wind direction.The factors were ranked using the fuzzy logic technique.This involved dividing them into nine separate parts. A geographic information system was then used to overlap these layers. The results of this overlap were classified into five classes: poor, average, relatively good, good, and very good.The rainwater collection areas for each class were 44.01, 53.94, 30.31, 30.48 and 12.51 km², respectively. Also,Based on the results of fuzzy logic, the south and southeast part of the region had the first priority for the construction of rain catchment surfaces.Therefore, it can be used to collect rainwater and store it for future use.The findings of this research work will help policy makers and decision makers to implement different rainwater collection structures in the study area to overcome water shortage problems

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • fuzzy logic
  • geographic information system
  • livestock distribution
  • rain harvesting
  • water crisis
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