نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری و عضوگروه پژوهشی خشکسالی و تغییر اقلیم، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.373062.1749

چکیده

مطالعه تنوع زیستی پیش نیاز مدیریت پایدار اکوسیستم‌های مرتعی است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه معیارهای گیاهی اندازه-گیری شاخص‌های عددی غنا، تنوع و یکنواختی گونه‌ای از لحاظ دقت در مراتع درمنه‌زار منطقه حفاظت شده درمیان-سربیشه، خراسان جنوبی است. ویژگی‌های کمی نظیر درصد پوشش تاجی (غلبه گونه‌ای)، تراکم، فراوانی و وفور گونه‌ای مطلق و نسبی در هر تیپ گیاهی اندازه‌گیری و با روابط مختلف مقادیر ارزش اهمیت نسبی گونه‌ای (IVI) تعیین شد. به منظور انتخاب بهترین روش محاسبه IVI، از لحاظ دقت، از آمار توصیفی استفاده شد. بدین منظور سه گونه Artemisia aucheri Boiss، Cousinia eryngioides Boiss. و Eryngium bungei Boiss. که در تمامی رویشگاه‌ها حضور داشتند انتخاب شدند و شاخص‌های آماری از قبیل خطای استاندارد میانگین (SEM) و ضریب تغییرات (CV) محاسبه شدند. همچنین به منظور بررسی اثر معیارهای پوشش گیاهی بر شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی، از آزمون تحلیل واریانس استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که اثر معیارهای کمّی پوشش گیاهی بر کلیه شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی (بجز تعداد گونه) معنی‌دار شد. مقدار شاخص‌های تنوع براساس معیارهای مختلف، متفاوت بوده، به طوری که مقدار تنوع براساس پوشش، کمترین و بر اساس وفور و فراوانی گونه‌ای، بیشترین بود. شاخص IVI3 (وفور نسبی+فراوانی نسبی) کمترین SEM و CV (به ترتیب 30/7 و 37/23 درصد) را دارد، از این‌رو از دقت بیشتری برخوردار است. نتایج بیانگر آن است که کلیه شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی براساس IVI از دقت بالاتری برخودار هستند، از این‌رو توصیه می‌شود برای محاسبه شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی، بجای استفاده از تراکم، درصد پوشش و تولید، از معیار IVI استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the accuracy of the numeric indices of the biodiversity calculated based on the quantitative characteristics of vegetation in the rangelands of Darmian-Sarabisheh Protected Area, South Khorasan

نویسنده [English]

  • Moslem Rostampour

Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management and Research Group of Drought and Climate Change, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

چکیده [English]

Studying biodiversity is a prerequisite for sustainable management of rangeland ecosystems. The purpose of the present study is to compare plant criteria for measuring species richness, diversity and evenness indices in terms of precision in the rangelands of Darmian-Sarabisheh Protected Area, South Khorasan. Absolute and relative species canopy cover (dominance), density, frequency, and abundance were measured in each plant type, and species relative importance value (IVI) was determined by different equations. Descriptive statistics were used to select the best method of calculating IVI. For this purpose, Artemisia aucheri boiss, Cousinia eryngioides boiss. and Eryngium Bungei Boiss., were present at all habitats, were selected, and statistical measures such as the standard error of the mean and coefficient variation were calculated. A one-way variance analysis test was also used to evaluate the effect of biodiversity assessment criteria on numerical indices. The results of the ANOVA showed that the effect of the criteria for calculating the numerical indices on all biodiversity indices (except the number of species) was significant (p≤0.01). The numerical value of diversity indices was different according to different criteria, so that the value calculated by canopy cover was the lowest and abundance and frequency were the highest. The IVI3 index (relative abundance+relative frequency) has the least SEM and CV (7.30 and 23.37 %), so it is more accurate. The results indicate that all biodiversity indicators based on IVI are of higher accuracy, so it is recommended to use IVI to calculate biodiversity indicators, instead of using density, cover percentage and production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Relative Importance Value
  • Phytosociology
  • Coefficient Variation
  • Species Abundance
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