نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات بین المللی بیابان، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 معاونت پژوهش و فناوری دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 مرکز تحقیقات بین المللی بیابان، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. اداره کل مدیریت بحران، استانداری البرز، کرج، ایران.

10.22059/jrwm.2024.371670.1745

چکیده

وقوع خشک‌سالی به‌‌عنوان یکی از پدیده‌‌های محیطی و بخش جدایی‌‌ناپذیری از تغییرات اقلیمی و مخاطرات طبیعی است که می‌تواند در هر سرزمینی رخ دهد. خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک به منظور نمایش کاهش جریان‌های سطحی و افت سطح مخازن آب زیرزمینی، دریاچه‌ها و رودخانه‌ها به کار می‌رود. تحقیق حاضر به منظور تعیین مقادیر شاخص جریان پایه و بررسی کارایی آن در تعیین نوع رژیم جریان و تحلیل منطقه‌ای خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک در حوزه آبخیز هلیل‌رود انجام شده است. بدین منظور ابتدا سه منطقه همگن خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک بر پایه سطح آستانه و تحلیل خوشه‌ای تعیین و سپس شاخص جریان پایه در مقیاس روزانه با استفاده از داده‌های روزانه دبی در 10 ایستگاه هیدرومتری در مناطق همگن محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد میانگین منطقه‌ای شاخص جریان پایه سالانه، با میزان 38/0 با مقدار انحراف معیار 193/0 در دوره آماری بلند مدت ثابت بوده و محدوده شاخص جریان پایه 29/0 – 12/0 می‌باشد. بر پایه صدک‌های 70، 80 و 90 نیز رژیم جریان رودخانه به چهار طبقه تقسیم گردید که مشخص گردید، 100 درصد زیرحوزه‌های آبخیز منطقه مطالعاتی دارای رژیم ناپایدار بودند. همچنین نتایج پهنه‌بندی خشک‌سالی نشان داد که در سطح آستانه 70 جنوب شرقی منطقه در محدوده ایستگاه هیدرومتری دهرود و در سطوح 80 و 90، شمال غربی منطقه در محدوده ایستگاه‌های بافت و چشمه‌عروس خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک رخ داده است. نتایج تحقیق حاضر می‌تواند در ارزیابی تغذیه آب زیرزمینی، سیستم‌های تامین آب، مدیریت آبیاری، پایش خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک و ارائه مدل‌های منطقه-ای در برآورد ذخیره منابع آب در مناطق فاقد آمار مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Regional analysis of hydrological drought of Halil-Rood Watershed using base flow index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Daemi 1
  • Amirreza Keshtkar 1
  • Saeed Bazgeir 2
  • Ali Afzali 3
  • Omid Kavoosi 4

1 International Desert Research Center, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 International Desert Research Center, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Crisis Management Directorate, Alborz Governorate, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Hydrological drought is used to show the reduction of surface flows and the drop in the level of underground water reservoirs, lakes, and rivers. The present research was carried out to determine the basic flow index values and to check its efficiency in determining the type of flow regime and regional analysis of hydrological drought in the Halil-Rood watershed. For this purpose, three homogeneous hydrological drought zones were determined based on the threshold level and cluster analysis, and then the base flow index was calculated on a daily scale using the daily discharge data in 10 hydrometric stations in the homogeneous zones. The results showed that the regional average of the annual base flow index is 0.38 with a standard deviation of 0.193 in the long-term statistical period and the range of the base flow index is 0.12-0.29. Based on the 70th, 80th, and 90th percentiles, the river flow regime was divided into four classes, and it was found that 100% of the watershed sub-basins of the study area had an unstable regime. Also, the results of drought zoning showed that hydrological drought occurred at the threshold level of 70 in the southeast of the region in the area of the Dehroud hydrometric station and in the levels of 80 and 90 in the northwest of the region in the area of Baft and Cheshme-Arus stations. The results of the present research can be used in the assessment of underground water supply, water supply systems, irrigation management, hydrological drought monitoring, and regional models in the estimation of water resource reserves in areas without statistics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flow regime
  • Threshold level method
  • Cluster analysis
  • Drought zoning
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