بررسی تغییرات ژئومرفولوژیک پلایای ابرکوه با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک‌های طیفی سنجش از دور

فاطمی, مهران; جبالی, عاطفه; زارع چاهوکی, اصغر

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2025.392746.1817

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

² اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان یزد، یزد، ایران

³ گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2025.392746.1817

چکیده

کویرهای نمکی در مناطق خشک، به‌عنوان اکوسیستمی‌ منحصربه‌فرد و حساس نقش حیاتی در تعادل محیطی و پایداری اکولوژیکی دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی روند تغییرات ژئومورفولوژیکی کویر نمکی ابرکوه تلاش نموده تا با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک‌های جدید سنجش از دوری در محیط گوگل ارث انجین (GEE) به پایش تغییرات پوشش اراضی و تغییرات محیطی در منطقه کویر نمکی ابرکوه در بازۀ زمانی 2002 تا 2024 بپردازد. بدین‌منظور، از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای لندست 5 و 8 برای تهیه نقشه‌های طبقه‌بندی رخساره‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی و تحلیل شاخص‌های طیفی پوشش‌گیاهی (NDVI)، آب (MNDWI)، رطوبت خاک (NDMI) و شوری خاک (SI) استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که رخساره‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی این کویر در طی سال‌های اخیر دستخوش تغییرات قابل توجهی شده است. کاهش سطح پهنه‌های آبی، پوشش‌گیاهی به ترتیب در حدود 65‌%و 51‌% نسبت به ابتدای سال بررسی و افزایش سطح اراضی شور، رسی و ماسه‌ای به ترتیب در حدود 23‌%، 66‌% و 103‌% از جمله مهم‌ترین تغییرات مشاهده شده بود. تحلیل شاخص‌های طیفی نیز نشان‌دهنده روند کاهشی معنادار در سطح آب و روند افزایشی معنادار در شوری خاک به ترتیب در سطح 1‌% و 5‌% بود. روند افزایشی و معنی‌دار NDVI در سطح 1‌%، در حالی مشاهده شد که نقشه‌های طبقه‌بندی شده کاهش سطح پوشش‌گیاهی را نشان داد، که ناشی از تفاوت در نوع اطلاعات ارائه شده توسط این دو روش است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از وجود تغییرات در مرز رخساره‌های ژئومرفولوژیکی کویر نمکی ابرکوه می‌باشد که بخش عمده‌ای از این تغییرات می‌تواند به‌دلیل وقوع خشکسالی و فعالیت‌های انسانی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Geomorphological Changes Analysis of Abarkouh Salt playa Using Spectral Remote Sensing Techniques

نویسندگان [English]

Mehran Fatemi ¹
Atefeh Jebali ²
Asghar Zare Chahouki ³

¹ Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran

² General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Yazd Province, Yazd, Iran

³ Rangeland and Watershed Group, Environmental and Desert Studies School, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

Salt playas in arid regions are unique and sensitive ecosystems, playing a crucial role in environmental balance and ecological sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the geomorphological change trends in the Abarkouh salt playa by employing advanced remote sensing techniques within the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The research monitored geomorphological facies and environmental changes in the playa from 2002 to 2024 using Landsat 5 and 8 satellite imagery. Spectral indices for vegetation (NDVI, SAVI, EVI, and TSAVI), water (MNDWI), soil moisture (NDMI), and soil salinity (SI) were analyzed to assess these changes. The results reveal substantial geomorphological alterations in the playa over the study period. Specifically, water bodies and vegetation cover decreased by approximately 65% and 51%, respectively, from the initial year, while saline, clay, and sandy lands expanded by about 23%, 66%, and 103%. Spectral index analyses further indicated a significant decline in water levels and a significant rise in soil salinity, both at the 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. Notably, a key finding of this study is the contradiction between the spectral indices and the classification maps. Despite a significant upward trend in all vegetation indices, the classification maps consistently showed a decrease in vegetation cover. This discrepancy highlights that in this arid environment, the vegetation indices are influenced by the spectral reflectance of salt and gypsum rather than actual vegetation, leading to a false positive signal. The study concludes that the boundaries of geomorphological facies within the Abarkouh salt playa have undergone significant changes, largely driven by drought and human activities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Geomorphological Facies
Monitoring
Spectral Indices
Supervised Classification
Support Vector Machine

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

بررسی تغییرات ژئومرفولوژیک پلایای ابرکوه با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک‌های طیفی سنجش از دور

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 78، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 451-470

بررسی تغییرات ژئومرفولوژیک پلایای ابرکوه با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک‌های طیفی سنجش از دور

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 78، شماره 4دی 1404صفحه 451-470

دوره 78، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 451-470