نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره)، شهر ری

2 استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرمی

3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات

چکیده

رویکرد مدیریت اجتماع محور از جمله رویکردهایی است که اهمیت فزاینده‌ای در فراگرد مدیریت سرزمین دارد که در آن افراد محلی در تمامی مراحل برنامه‌ریزی و اجرای برنامه‌های مدیریتی سرزمین، فعالانه مشارکت می‌کنند و در مرکز تصمیم‌گیری‌ها قرار دارند. با توجه به اینکه رویکرد اجتماع محور تأثیر بسزایی بر ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی برون گروهی دارد، پژوهش حاضر اثر بخشی رویکرد مدیریت اجتماع محور در راستای تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی را مورد تحلیل قرار می‌دهد. جامعه مورد مطالعه شامل کلیه سرگروه‌های چهار روستای زیارت شاه، ده رضا، رستم آباد علی چارک و علی آباد هشتصد متری، از توابع شهرستان ریگان استان کرمان است که مدیریت مشارکتی مناطق خشک در این منطقه اجرایی شده است. ارزیابی سرمایه اجتماعی با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکه و سنجش پیوند‌های اعتماد و مشارکت و با استفاده از شاخص‌های سطح کلان شبکه ذینفعان محلی صورت گرفته است. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه تحلیل شبکه‌ای بوده و تعداد 33 نفر بر اساس روش نمونه‌گیری شبکه کامل مورد پرسش قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان از میزان متوسط شاخص‌ها در مرحله قبل از اجرا و روند مثبت و صعودی این شاخص‌ها به دنبال اجرای پروژه اجتماع محور و مشارکتی دارد. بنابراین اجرای پروژه مذکور منجر به اعتمادسازی و تقویت روحیه مشارکت و همکاری در بین سرگروه‌ها و در نتیجه تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی برون‌گروهی شده است که این امر اثربخشی مطلوب رویکرد اجتماع محور مدیریت سرزمین در راستای افزایش سرمایه اجتماعی برون گروهی برای مدیریت مشارکتی مناطق خشک را مورد تاکید قرار می دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Increasing of Bridging social capital for establishment of community- based management in Arid regions

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza estelaji 1
  • ahmad hajalizadeh 2
  • masoud heydarvand 3

1 Islamic Azad university

2 Islamic university

3 Islamic UNIVERSITY

چکیده [English]

Community-based management is a process of management involving local beneficiaries actively in all stages of planning and implementing management programs so that each are at the center of decision-making. Since community-based management contributes greatly to the improvement of bridging social capital, present study analyzes the effectiveness of co-management for strengthening social capital. The research population consisted of heads of four villages i.e. Ziyaratshah, Deh Reza, Aostam Ababd-e-Alicharak, and Ali Abad Hashtsad Metri, Rigan County, Kerman province. Since community-based management of arid areas was implemented in this region, it was chosen as pilot. Social capital assessment through network analysis and measurement of trust and collaboration ties applying macro level indicators (whole-network) of local beneficiaries’ network was done. Network analysis questionnaire was applied for data gathering and 33 participants were chosen through whole network sampling method and they were interviewed. It was found out that indicators were at medium level prior to project implementation but they showed positive and incremental trend following the implementation of community-based management. Therefore, this project led to trust building and improved cooperation improved among heads and as a result, bridging social capital enhanced.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Community-based management approach
  • bridging social capital
  • Social network analysis
  • Rigan County
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