نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه احیای مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2023.357266.1699

چکیده

با توجه به کمبود آب در بیابان‌های ایران و بالابودن میزان تبخیر استقرار پوشش گیاهی و آبیاری آن‌ها با مشکلات زیادی همراه است؛ لذا در برنامه‌های مدیریتی توسعه پایدار مناطق خشک و بیابانی استفاده از روش‌های نوین، سازگار با محیط زیست که در ترجیحاٌ آب کمتری مصرف گردد، را بسیار ضروری نموده است. از جمله این روش‌ها می‌توان به آبیاری زیرسطحی عمقی با استفاده از لوله‌های PVC اشاره کرد. در این پژوهش چاله‌ای به عمق و قطر 50 سانتی‌متر حفر شد و سپس دو لوله به طور متقابل به فاصله 20 سانتی‌متر از یکدیگر در دو طرف گودال قرار داده شد. پس از قرارگیری لوله‌ها، گودال با خاک عرصه پر شد. الگوی پیاز رطوبتی در هشت تیمار از نظر قرارگیری سوراخ‌های خروج آب، قطر لوله، تعداد سوراخ‌ها در نیمه بالایی و پایین لوله و همچنین قطر سوراخ‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان داد که لوله‌ها با قطر 5/12 سانتی‌متر و ارتقاع 55 سانتی‌متر، با پنج ردیف دوتایی سوراخ 6 میلی‌متری در نیمه بالایی لوله به فاصله 3 سانتی‌متر از هم و دو سوراخ در نیمه پایینی لوله با فاصله 10 سانتی‌متر از یکدیگر، بهترین عمق پیاز رطوبتی را ایجاد می‌نمایند. عمق پیاز رطوبتی ایجاد شده در خاک در اطراف ریشه گیاه به عنوان نماینده راندمان کاربرد آب، در مدیریت و استفاده صحیح از منابع آبی و همچنین تشویق گیاه به ریشه‌دوانی عمقی بسیار مهم است. لذا در صورت استفاده از این شیوه برای آبیاری نهال‌ها در مناطق خشک و بیابانی، تیمار مذکور توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of wetting pattern in deep subsurface irrigation method using PVC pipes in desert areas

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golnoosh Savartondrow
  • Salman Zare
  • Khaled Ahmadaali
  • Mohammad Jafari

Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Due to the lack of water in the deserts of Iran and the high rate of evaporation, the establishment of vegetation and their irrigation are associated with many problems. Therefore, in the management programs for the sustainable development of dry and desert areas, it is very necessary to use less water. Among these methods, deep subsurface irrigation using PVC pipes can be mentioned. In this study, a hole with a depth and diameter of 50 cm was dug, and then two pipes were mutually placed at a distance of 20 cm from each other on both sides of the pit. After placing the pipes, the pit was filled with soil. The wetting pattern in eight treatments has been examined in terms of the location of the water exit holes, the diameter of the pipe, the number of holes in the upper and lower half of the pipe, as well as the diameter of the holes. The results demonstrated that pipes with a diameter of 12.5 cm and a height of 55 cm, with five double rows of 6 mm holes in the upper half of the pipe at a distance of 3 cm from each other and two holes in the lower half of the tube at a distance of 10 cm from each other, The best depth of wetting pattern is created. The depth of the wetting pattern created in the soil around the plant root as a representative of water use efficiency is very important in the management and correct use of water resources as well as encouraging the plant to take deep roots. .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • deep subsurface irrigation
  • desert
  • PVC pipe
  • water shortage
  • wetting pattern
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