نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.369034.1736

چکیده

گسترش روزافزون صنعت و فعالیت‌های معدن کاوی، باعث افزایش آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی شده و این آلودگی‌ها از طریق آب، هوا و همچنین از طریق ورود پساب و ضایعات به داخل خاک، اثرات و پیامدهای غیرقابل جبرانی بر اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی وارد می‌نمایند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی پتانسیل گیاه‌پالایی گونه‌های مرتعی Artemisia sieberi و Salsola richteri وorientalis Scariola و همچنین بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین (روی، نیکل و آرسنیک) در خاک معدن آهن سنگان در استان خراسان رضوی انجام شد. ابتدا بر اساس بررسی اولیه پراکنش پوشش‌گیاهی در امتداد گرادیان اکولوژیکی منطقه، تیپ‌های گیاهی غالب مشخص گردید. سپس، از بخش‌های مختلف گونه های گیاهی غالب منطقه خواف و خاک اطراف ریشه آنها در فواصل مختلف از معدن در جهت باد غالب منطقه نمونه‌برداری گردید. برای اندازه‌گیری میزان آلودگی به فلزات در نمونه‌های برداشت شده، از روش اکسیداسیون و دستگاه پلاسمای جفت شده القایی استفاده شد. سپس، به منظور ارزیابی و بررسی توانایی گیاهان انتخاب شده در پاکسازی محیط از فلزات مختلف، چند شاخص مختلف گیاه پالایی بررسی شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد، پوشش‌های گیاهی مختلف از نظر شاخص‌های مختلف عنصر روی، آرسنیک و نیکل اختلاف معنی‌داری با یکدیگر دارند، به طوریکه بیشترین میزان شاخص‌های تغلیظ زیستی BCF روی (38/1)، آرسنیک(54/0) و نیکل (45/0) وBAC روی (53/1)، آرسنیک (48/0) و نیکل(04/0) مربوط به پوشش گیاهی Salsola richteri است که قابلیت تجمعی بالای گیاه Salsola richteri را در جذب روی نشان می‌دهد. همچنین، ارزیابی آلودگی خاک با استفاده از فاکتور آلودگی (CF) و شاخص زمین انباشتگی (Igeo) انجام شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Introduction of phytoremidiator native rangeland species in cleaning the environment from heavy metals zinc, arsenic and nickel (Sangan iron mines, Khorasan Razavi province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahshid Souri 1
  • Mina Bayat 2
  • Saedeh Nateghi 2

1 , Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

2 Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. of Iran.

چکیده [English]

Increasing expansion of the industry and mining activities has caused an increase in environmental pollution, and these pollutions through water, air, as well as through the entry of sewage and waste into the soil, have irreparable effects and consequences on natural ecosystems. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the phytoremediation potential of the rangeland species Artemisia sieberi, Salsola richteri and Scariola orientalis, as well as investigating the concentration of heavy metals (zinc, nickel and arsenic) in the soil of Sangan iron mine in Khorasan Razavi province. First, based on the initial investigation of vegetation distribution along the ecological gradient of the region, the dominant plant types were determined. Then, samples were taken from different parts of the dominant plant species of Khaf area and the soil around their roots at different distances from the mine in the direction of the prevailing wind of the area. Oxidation method and inductively coupled plasma device were used to measure the amount of metal pollution in the collected samples. Then, in order to evaluate and check the ability of the selected plants in cleaning the environment from different metals, several different indicators of plant remediation were investigated.The results showed that the high concentration of elements such as nickel (29 mg/kg) and arsenic (10 mg/kg) is significant compared to the global average of nickel 18 mg/kg and arsenic 4.7 mg/kg. Based on the results of bioconcentration indicators and considering the high abundance of native species Salsola richteri compared to the other two investigated species, this species can be used to phytoremidiation of heavy metals zinc, nickel and arsenic in Sangan mines

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • rangeland species
  • phytoremediation
  • zinc
  • nickel
  • arsenic
  • mining
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